15 Oktober 2024

Vulvodynia Gejala, Punca & Rawatan

by Tara Langdale in Peduli

Adakah saya menghidapi Vulvodynia?

Ia adalah perkara biasa bagi wanita dengan vulvodynia untuk menderita dalam diam. Apabila mereka bercakap, wanita menggunakan perkataan seperti terbakar, pedih, gatal-gatal, dan menikam. Persatuan Vulvodynia Kebangsaan (1) melaporkan sensasi itu sebagai " telah dicurahkan asid pada kulit saya."

Dalam kertas kerja yang diterbitkan dalam Jurnal Antarabangsa Kesihatan Wanita (2), sakit vulva kronik menjejaskan sehingga 16% daripada semua wanita di Amerika Syarikat, dan 8% mengalami vulvodynia sepanjang hayat mereka. Keadaan yang teruk menjejaskan hubungan, menghasilkan kebimbangan dan kemurungan, dan dengan ketara merendahkan kualiti hidup bagi wanita yang menderita. Berita baiknya ialahpilihan rawatan sakit faraj tersedia.

Apakah vulvodynia?

Vulvodynia ialah sakit teruk di kawasan vulva badan tanpa sebab yang boleh dikenal pasti. Vulva adalah kawasan sensitif dalam badan wanita yang merangkumi hujung saraf dan tisu faraj di sekeliling pintu masuk faraj. Vulva juga merangkumi labia majora (lipatan luar kulit) dan labia minora (lipatan dalam kulit).

Ia termasuk tisu vulva yang menuju ke vestibule, lipatan dalam, atau ruang sebelum pintu masuk faraj. Satu lagi anatomi penting vulvar ialah kelentit. Klitoris berada di hujung anterior (atas) vulva dan membantu merangsang keseronokan seksual.

Sakit vulva memberi kesan kepada wanita dari semua latar belakang, etnik, dan umur. Umur yang paling biasa bagi wanita untuk melaporkan sakit vulva adalah antara 20 hingga 40 tahun. Keterukan kesakitan kronik yang dilaporkan berkisar daripada rasa terbakar kepada kesakitan yang teruk yang tidak dapat ditanggung. Dalam kajian ke atas 1,900 wanita, vulvodynia dikaitkan dengan sindrom kesakitan yang lain, termasuk cystitis interstisial, fibromyalgia dan sindrom iritasi usus.

Vulvodynia dikelaskan lagi kepada dua jenis: vulvodynia setempat dan vulvodynia umum.

Vulvodynia setempat

Vulvodynia setempat (3) ialah apabila rasa sakit berlaku di satu tempat vulvar. Ia adalah bentuk vulvodynia yang paling biasa. Apabila sakit berlaku di sekitar pembukaan faraj, ia menjadi vestibulodynia (sebelum ini dikenali sebagai vulvar vestibulitis syndrome (VVS)).

Kebanyakan wanita yang mengalami vulvodynia setempat telah Provoked Vestibulodynia (PVD). PVD berlaku daripada tekanan yang dikenakan ke vestibule. Contohnya, aktiviti seksual, memasukkan tampon, pemeriksaan pelvis, menunggang kuda, memakai pakaian ketat, dan duduk untuk tempoh yang lama.

PVD juga mempunyai dua klasifikasi lanjut: vulvodynia primer dan vulvodynia sekunder.

Vulvodynia utama:

Jika anda mengalami kesakitan setempat di ruang depan sejak pengalaman seksual pertama anda, memasukkan tampon atau sebarang tekanan dalam faraj, maka ia adalah vulvodynia primer.

Vulvodynia sekunder:

Ia berlaku apabila kesakitan yang tidak dapat dijelaskan berlaku selepas anda melakukan hubungan seks tanpa rasa sakit, memasukkan tampon, atau sebarang tekanan atau sentuhan yang dikenakan pada vulvar.

Vulvodynia umum

Vulvodynia umum adalah sakit kronik atau tidak teratur di seluruh kawasan vulva. Kesakitan boleh menjejaskan bahagian vulvar yang berlainan seperti vestibule, labia majora, labia minora, dan kelentit. Dalam sesetengah kes, rasa sakit boleh merebak ke perineum (ruang antara faraj dan dubur) dan bahagian dalam paha.

Gejala vulvodynia

Wanita dengan vulvodynia mengalami pelbagai jenis simptom, tetapi yang utama adalah sakit pada kulit vulva. Wanita menggambarkan kesakitan seperti berikut:

menyengat
Rawness
terbakar
Kelembutan
Dispareunia atau persetubuhan yang menyakitkan
Gatal-gatal
Kekejangan otot atau berdenyut

Kesakitan vulvar mungkin berselang-seli atau berterusan dan sangat individu. Atau hanya berlaku apabila disentuh semasa hubungan seksual atau pemeriksaan pelvis. Gejala vulvodynia mungkin timbul di satu tempat (disetempat) atau merebak ke seluruh vulvar (generalisasi). Memeriksa tisu vulvar mungkin mendedahkannya sebagai bengkak dan meradang, tetapi juga boleh kelihatan normal.

Punca vulvodynia

The American Family of Physicians (4) mengatakan vulvodynia mungkin bermula secara tiba-tiba dan berterusan selama bertahun-tahun. Punca vulvodynia tidak jelas. Bagi kebanyakan wanita, sebabnya tidak pernah dikenal pasti dan mungkin hasil daripada faktor yang berbeza. Tiada bukti bahawa penyakit menular seksual menyebabkan vulvodynia. Berikut adalah kemungkinan penyebab sakit vulva.

Jangkitan faraj sebelum ini
Perubahan hormon, seperti menopaus
Kulit vulva yang sensitif atau meradang
Kerosakan pada kawasan vulva
Gangguan genetik tertentu
Perengsa alam sekitar dan alahan
Kekejangan atau kelemahan otot lantai pelvis

Diagnosis Vulvodynia

Proses diagnosis vulvodynia (5) bermula dengan berjumpa dengan doktor atau pakar sakit puan anda. Pakar penjagaan kesihatan anda akan mendapat laporan kesihatan terperinci yang meliputi sejarah seksual, perubatan dan pembedahan anda. Lokasi dan jenis kesakitan yang anda alami adalah penting.

Selepas menjawab soalan terperinci, anda akan menjalani peperiksaan ginekologi. Semasa peperiksaan, doktor anda akan menggunakan kapas untuk memeriksa di mana anda mengalami kesakitan. Ujian lain mungkin termasuk memeriksa jangkitan faraj atau yis, walaupun vulvar tidak menunjukkan tanda-tanda ini berlaku. Selepas didiagnosis dengan vulvodynia, anda boleh membincangkan pelan rawatan untuk melegakan kesakitan.

Rawatan vulvodynia

Rawatan Vulvodynia memberi tumpuan kepada mengurangkan kesakitan. Setiap wanita adalah berbeza dan perlu mencuba pilihan rawatan yang berbeza untuk mengurangkan kesakitan yang berkaitan dengan vulvodynia. Pilihan rawatan mungkin termasuk ubat-ubatan, seperti steroid atau antidepresan trisiklik . Sesetengah wanita mendapatkan terapi seks atau terapi biofeedback. Tetapi ramai wanita mendapati kelegaan dengan mengecilkan faraj.

Pengembangan Faraj

Pelebaran faraj menggunakan dilator faraj untuk melepaskan ketegangan di lantai pelvis dengan selamat. Terapi lantai pelvis dengan dilator membantu melegakan otot dan tisu yang menyebabkan sakit vulvodynia. Dilator faraj ialah peranti berbentuk tiub dan terdapat dalam pelbagai saiz. Anda mempunyai pilihan antara dilator yang dibuat dengan magnet neodymium , dilator licin dan yang diperbuat daripada silikon. Semuanya membantu meningkatkan kesihatan wanita dan selamat serta berkesan untuk meredakan gejala vulvodynia.

Dalam percubaan klinikal, yang dijalankan oleh Penyelidikan Klinikal Penjagaan Doktor , 80% peserta telah mengurangkan kesakitan faraj apabila menggunakan terapi pelebaran. Semua wanita dalam kajian itu melaporkan mengurangkan kebimbangan yang dikaitkan dengan vulvodynia dan peningkatan ketara dalam kesihatan seksual.

Apabila menggunakan dilator faraj untuk merawat vulvodynia, anda harus menggunakannya dengan kerap untuk meregangkan dan merehatkan vulva. Anda juga harus bermula dengan dilator terkecil dan besarkan saiz apabila faraj anda mengendur.

Apabila anda mengalami vulvodynia, ia mungkin kelihatan tiada harapan. Satu jawapan ialah mengembang faraj. Tanya pakar perubatan anda tentang cara dilator VuVa™ boleh membantu anda mengatasi kesakitan yang berkaitan dengan vulvodynia. Mulakan penyembuhan anda hari ini dengan mengecilkan faraj.

Pautan Berguna VuVa Lain:

7 Sebab Faraj Ketat dan Cara Mengendurkan

Cara menggunakan Dilator Faraj

Cara Relakskan Otot Faraj, Vaginismus & Seks

Regangan Faraj - Mengekalkan Bentuk dengan Dilator

Adakah Dilator Benar-benar Berfungsi? Ya, dan Mereka boleh Meningkatkan Kehidupan Seks Anda!

Beli Dilator Faraj VuVa

29 April 2026

How to Put a Tampon In: Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners and Troubleshooting

Learning how to put a tampon in does not have to feel overwhelming. Start with a slim tampon and a plastic applicator, relax your pelvic muscles, and aim toward your tailbone instead of straight up. If you feel discomfort, stop and try again later. A properly placed tampon should not be noticeable at all. Pain usually means tension, the wrong angle, or the wrong size. Using a tampon does not affect virginity, and it is completely normal to need practice. Focus on comfort, not perfection.

Learn more

29 April 2026

Why Is My Uterus Twitching - All you need to know

That feeling in your lower belly, like it’s fluttering or twitching a bit, yeah, it's real. A lot of people get it and it's not something made up. I think most of the time it's from stuff like muscles in the pelvic area spasming, or hormones acting up around your period. Sometimes nerves just fire off wrong, or maybe gas is moving around in the intestines nearby. It can feel weird but harmless.

Learn more

29 April 2026

Why Does My Vagina Hurt After Sex?

Sometimes after sex things just don’t feel right, like there’s this lingering soreness or burning that you didn’t expect. It’s actually pretty common, even if no one really talks about it. A lot of the time it’s something simple like dryness or irritation, but it can also be tied to muscle tension or other issues going on in the body. Either way, it’s not something you should just ignore if it keeps happening. Why Pain After Sex Happens More Than People Talk About Pain during or after sex is something that happens to a lot of women. I mean, studies show it could be up to three quarters of them at some point. And then there is this smaller group, like 10 to 20 percent, who have it every time, which messes with their relationships and just everyday stuff. But the weird part is, most of them do not even tell a doctor. Less than 60 percent actually go for help, from what the research says. I think shame has a lot to do with it, or maybe doctors just dismiss it as no big deal. There is also this notion that it is normal for some women to deal with pain like that. That idea does not feel right. It seems more like an easy way out than a real explanation. Types of Pain After Sex The way the pain feels can vary a lot, and that might clue you in on what is causing it. Surface Pain Right at the vaginal opening Burning or stinging sensation just after sex Can feel sharp, like tiny cuts or salt on a sore area Sometimes compared to rug burn Swelling may also be present Deep Pain Felt inside the pelvic area More of an ache or pressure, like something is bruised Can spread to the back or thighs May get worse with movement or even disturb sleep Delayed Pain Shows up hours later or even the next day Often linked to inflammation or small internal tears Cramping Feels similar to period cramps Mild and short-lived might be okay Severe or long-lasting is likely not normal See Product See Product See Product See Product Lack of Lubrication One big reason for all this is not having enough lubrication. The body needs time to get properly aroused, with hormones and blood flow involved. Without that, friction can cause small tears in the tissue. It takes about 20 minutes for full arousal, according to some studies, but people usually only spend 5 to 10 minutes on foreplay. That difference adds up. Things That Affect Lubrication Hormonal changes during your cycle After having a baby and breastfeeding Menopause and GSM Medications like antidepressants or antihistamines Birth control Stress Not drinking enough water Smoking Choosing the Right Lubrication Using the right type of lubricant matters. Go for something pH balanced without irritants Silicone-based lubricants last longer Water-based options are easier to clean and safer with condoms The vaginal area absorbs substances much faster than other skin, around 10 to 40 times more. So even small irritants can cause discomfort. Common Irritants Latex in condoms Spermicides such as nonoxynol-9 Glycerin in lubricants Fragrances in soaps, wipes, or laundry products If pain keeps happening after sex and antifungals are not helping, switching to fragrance-free products may help. Pelvic Floor Issues Pelvic floor issues come up a lot too. The muscles in that area can get too tight and not relax properly, affecting around 16 percent of women, maybe even more. It can feel like hitting a wall during penetration. Other Signs Constipation Urinary urgency or recurring infections Pain in the back or hips Discomfort while sitting Treatment Options Pelvic floor physical therapy Breathing exercises Biofeedback Gradual use of dilators Vaginismus Vaginismus is related, where the muscles clench without you meaning to, making penetration difficult or impossible. It turns into a loop: Pain leads to expecting pain That expectation increases tension Tension makes the pain worse What Helps Therapy for mental and sexual health Pelvic floor therapy Vaginal dilators Open communication with a partner Most women improve with consistent treatment. Endometriosis Endometriosis is a more serious condition, affecting about 10 percent of women. It happens when tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus. Symptoms Sharp pain during and after sex Pain worse before periods Heavy bleeding Ongoing fatigue Treatment Options Hormonal therapy Surgery Pain medication Pelvic floor therapy Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) Genitourinary syndrome of menopause, or GSM, affects many women after menopause. Estrogen levels drop, leading to: Thinner tissue Less natural lubrication Higher pH levels Slower healing Over time, this can make sex increasingly painful if untreated. Treatment Options Vaginal estrogen creams like Estrace or Premarin Tablets or inserts such as Vagifem or Imvexxy Vaginal ring like Estring Ospemifene (oral medication) DHEA suppositories (Intrarosa) Hyaluronic acid moisturizers (used a few times a week) Improvement usually starts within 2 to 4 weeks, with more noticeable changes by three months. Immediate Relief After Sex For quick relief after sex: Take a warm Epsom salt bath for 15 to 20 minutes Use a wrapped ice pack to reduce swelling Rinse with water and avoid soap Wear loose cotton underwear Take ibuprofen for pain or cramping These steps help with symptoms but do not address the root cause. When to See a Doctor Seek Immediate Care If You Notice: Fever Heavy or unusual bleeding Foul-smelling discharge Pain severe enough to affect movement or sleep Schedule an Appointment If: Pain happens every time Discomfort lasts more than a day Symptoms continue for weeks It affects your relationship or daily routine Frequently Asked Questions Why does my vagina hurt after sex every time? If it happens consistently, it may be due to pelvic floor issues, vaginismus, endometriosis, hormonal imbalance, or infections. It is best to get it evaluated. Is vaginal soreness after sex ever normal? Mild soreness after intense sex can happen. But sharp pain, burning, or repeated discomfort is not normal and should be checked. Why does my uterus hurt after sex? Mild cramping can happen due to contractions. Severe or lasting pain may indicate conditions like endometriosis or fibroids. Can vaginal dilators help? Yes, especially for vaginismus or pelvic floor tension. They help retrain muscles and reduce sensitivity over time. What causes burning after sex? Usually friction from low lubrication. It can also be due to infections, allergies, or irritation from products. Can stress cause pain after sex? Yes. Stress tightens pelvic muscles and reduces lubrication, contributing directly to pain. How long does treatment take? Lubrication issues: a few days Pelvic floor therapy: 6 to 12 weeks Vaginismus: 4 to 6 months Endometriosis: long-term management Can birth control cause painful sex? Some hormonal contraceptives lower estrogen, leading to dryness and pain. What is pelvic floor physical therapy like? It involves assessing muscle tone, breathing, and posture. Treatment may include exercises, biofeedback, and sometimes internal work, always with consent. Will sexual pain affect fertility? Pain itself does not, but underlying conditions like endometriosis or infections can. Citations American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2022). Dyspareunia: Painful Sexual Intercourse Bergeron, S., et al. (2020). Vulvodynia: Definition and treatment Pacik, P. T. (2014). Understanding vaginismus The North American Menopause Society. (2020). GSM position statement Goldstein, A. T., et al. (2016). Vulvodynia research ISSWSH (2021). Female sexual pain disorders Reed, B. D., et al. (2021). Vulvodynia incidence study Bornstein, J., et al. (2022). Vulvar pain classification Fugl-Meyer, K. S., et al. (2019). Sexual pain guidelines International Urogynecological Association (2019). Pelvic floor terminology

Learn more

Vulvodynia Gejala, Punca & Rawatan

Adakah saya menghidapi Vulvodynia?

Apakah vulvodynia?